CBI (Confederation of British Industries): Orders Decline, Price Squeeze Continues

Last week Carol Stone commented on the signs of weakness in the United Kingdom's economy. Lower employment, reduced confidence, declining orders and industrial production. Today the Confederation of British Industries cast further gloom with the releases of their monthly and quarterly surveys of industrial trends. The latest survey was conducted between December 12, 2005 and January 11, 2006. During this period the pound averaged $1.75 and the price of Brent crude averaged $59.02 per barrel.

The balance between those reporting an increase in orders and those reporting a decrease was -28% in January, 6 percentage points more negative than December and 15 percentage points more negative than January, a year ago. Export orders fared somewhat better. The balance between those reporting an increase in export orders and those reporting a decrease was -10 0% in January, significant improvements from the -23% in December and the -26% in January, 2005. There have been very few months in the past five years when the balances on the total order book or the export order book have been positive, as can be seen in the first chart. In general more manufacturers have reported decreases in orders than have reported increases over this period.

While there has been a slight decline in pessimism in the current quarter survey, pessimists continue to outweigh the optimists, as they have since late 2004. The balance of those expecting an improvement in the business situation was -14% in the first quarter, compared with -21% in the fourth quarter, 2005 and -22% in the first quarter, 2005. Again, there is a somewhat better outlook for the export situation. The balance of those expecting a decrease in the export situation was -5% in the first quarter, an improvement from the -11% of the fourth quarter. The balances for optimism for the whole economy and for exports are shown in the second chart.

Manufacturers are having trouble passing higher input prices on to the final consumer. Although there was some reduction in the balance of those expecting lower final prices in the first quarter to -4% from -8% in the fourth quarter of 2005, there was an increase to 23% in the balance of those expecting higher costs. Since early last year, the year over year increases in costs have exceeded those of final prices as can be seen in the third chart.