U.S. Energy Prices Rise in Latest Week

Retail gasoline prices for all grades increased to $3.47 per gallon (-1.1% y/y) in the week ended March 4 last week after easing to $3.37 in the prior week. Prices remain above a low of $3.18 in the middle of January. The recent high stands at $4.00 per gallon in the third week of September, and the all-time high was $5.11 in the week ended June 13, 2022. Retail prices for on-highway diesel fuel slipped to an average $4.02 per gallon (-6.1% y/y) last week from $4.06 per gallon in the prior week. These are higher than a recent low of $3.77 per gallon in the week ended July 3, 2023.

The average price of West Texas Intermediate crude oil of $79.02 per barrel (1.9% y/y) in the week ended March 1 compared to an average $78.21 in the prior week. It remained increased from a low of $69.37 per barrel in the week of June 30, 2023 but remained below a high of $91.45 in the week of September 29, 2023. The all-time high was seen in the week of July 4, 2008 at $142.46 per barrel. Yesterday, the price of West Texas Intermediate crude oil was $78.74 per barrel. The price of European Brent crude oil fell to $84.26 per barrel (+0.8% y/y) in the week ended March 1 from $85.02 in the prior week. The price of Brent has recently ranged from a low of $73.55 in the week ended June 30, 2023 to a high of $127.40 in the week ended June 10, 2022. Yesterday, the price was $86.58 per barrel.

Natural gas prices of an average of $1.58/mmbtu (-39.0% y/y) in the week ended March 1 compared to $1.56/mmbtu in the prior week. These were the lowest prices since June 2020 and compare to a recent high of $3.20 for the average of the October 13 week. Yesterday, the natural gas price was $1.48/mmbtu.

Gasoline demand declined 3.1% y/y in the four weeks ended February 23 after falling 2.3% y/y in the four weeks ended February 16. Demand for all petroleum products weakened 3.2% y/y after falling 2.1% y/y in the prior four-week period. Crude oil input to refineries declined 3.0% y/y in the four weeks ended February 23 after a 2.7% y/y drop in the previous four week period.

Gasoline inventories increased 2.1% y/y in the week of February 23 following a 2.9% y/y increase in the prior week. Inventories of residual fuel oil fell 4.0% y/y in the week of February 23 after declining 3.9% y/y in the previous week. Crude oil inventories, including the Strategic Petroleum Reserve, decreased 5.2% y/y in the week of February 23 following a 5.7% y/y decline one week earlier.

Measured in days’ supply, gasoline inventories were 29.0 days in the week of February 23 versus 29.7 days in the prior week. The recent low was 23.4 days in the week of June 30, 2023. Crude oil inventories were 30.5 days of supply in the week of February 23, up from 30.1 days in the prior week. These compare to a recent high of 31.9 days in the week of March 3, 2023 and a low of 25.0 days in the week of September 1, 2023.

These data are reported by the Energy Information Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy. The price and supply/demand data can be found in Haver’s WEEKLY & USENERGY database.